(l) Uttar Pradesh with a population size of 166 million people is the most populous state of India. (ii) Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 per cent of the country's population. (iii) Himalayan state Sikkim has a population of just about 0.5 million. (iv) Lakshadweep has only 60 thousand people. (vRead more
(l) Uttar Pradesh with a population size of 166 million people is the most populous state of India.
(ii) Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 per cent of the country’s population.
(iii) Himalayan state Sikkim has a population of just about 0.5 million.
(iv) Lakshadweep has only 60 thousand people.
(v) Almost half of India’s population lives in 5 states i.e., Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.
(vi) Rajasthan the biggest state in terms of area has only 5.5a per cent of the total population.
(a) (i) The absolute numbers added each year or decade is the magnitude of increase. (ii) It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g., that of 1991 from the later population (eg, that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase (b) On the other hand, the annual growthRead more
(a) (i) The absolute numbers added each year or decade is the magnitude of increase.
(ii) It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g., that of 1991 from the
later population (eg, that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase
(b) On the other hand, the annual growth rate is studied in per cent per annum e.g., a rate of increase of 2 per cent per annum means that in a given year, there was an increase of two persons for every 100 persons in the base population. This is referred to as annual growth rate.
(a) In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the "push factor in rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the "pull" of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions. (b) EffectRead more
(a) In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the “push factor in rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the “pull” of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions.
(b) Effects: The rural-urban migration Le migration of people from rural areas to urban areas has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of population in cities and towns. The urban population has increased from 17.20 per cent of the total population in 1951 to 27.78 percent in 2001. There has been a significant increase in the number of million plus cities from 23 to 35 in just one decade i.e., 1991 to 2001.
(i) Meaning: The distribution of the population on the basis of occupation is called occupational structure. (ii) Types of occupation: There are three types of occupation-primary, secondary and tertiary. (iii) Primary activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, etc. Secondary activitRead more
(i) Meaning: The distribution of the population on the basis of occupation is called occupational structure.
(ii) Types of occupation: There are three types of occupation-primary, secondary and tertiary.
(iii) Primary activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, etc. Secondary activities include manufacturing industry, building and construction work, etc. and tertiary activities include transport, communications, commerce, etc.
(iv) In India, 64 per cent of the population is engaged only in agriculture.
(v) Only 13 and 20 per cent people are employed in secondary and tertiary sectors, respectively. However, there has been an ocupational shift to secondary and tertiary sectors due to growing industrialisation and urbanisation.
(i) It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India i.e., they are in the age group of 10 to 19 years. (ii) They are the most important resource for the future. (iii) Nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can lead to deficienRead more
(i) It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India i.e., they are in the age group of 10 to 19 years.
(ii) They are the most important resource for the future.
(iii) Nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can lead to deficiency and stunted growth.
(iv) The diet available to them in India is inadequate in all nutrients.
(v) A large number of adolescent girls suffer from anaemia because they do not get adequate attention at home where more attention is given to male children.
(1) National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major sections of the population that need greater attention. (ii) Put greater emphasis on nutritional requirements, protection from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STD). (iii) Programmers to encouRead more
(1) National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major sections of the population that need greater attention.
(ii) Put greater emphasis on nutritional requirements, protection from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
(iii) Programmers to encourage delayed marriage and child-bearing, education of adolescents about the risks of unprotected sex, making contraceptive services accessible and affordable, providing food supplement, nutritional services, strengthening legal measures to prevent child marriage.
The distribution of population in India is uneven. In the year 2001, the density was 324 persons per sq. km. It was, however, 904 persons per sq. km in West Bengal, to only 13 persons per sq. km in Arunachal Pradesh. The reasons for this disparities are us mentioned below: (i) Rugged terrain and unfRead more
The distribution of population in India is uneven. In the year 2001, the density was 324 persons per sq. km. It was, however, 904 persons per sq. km in West Bengal, to only 13 persons per sq. km in Arunachal Pradesh. The reasons for this disparities are us mentioned below:
(i) Rugged terrain and unfavorable climatic conditions are responsible for sparse population in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.
(ii) Hilly, dissected and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soils have influenced population densities in Assam and most of the peninsular states.
(iii )The flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall are responsible for high to very high population densities in the Northern plains and Kerala in the south.
(iv) Urbanisation also affects the population density in metropolitan cities like Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata.
(v) Industrialisation to be responsible for increase in population in an area because people migrate to such place to seek employment and better work opportunities.
(i) There are three main processes of change of population : birth rates, death rates and migration. (ii) The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates. (a) Birth rate: The natural increase of population is the difference between the birth rates and death rRead more
(i) There are three main processes of change of population : birth rates, death rates and migration.
(ii) The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates.
(a) Birth rate: The natural increase of population is the difference between the birth rates and death rates. Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major component of population growth change in India because birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
(b) Death rate: It is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the population growth change in India is the rapid decline in death rates.
(c) Migrations: The third component of population growth is migration which is the movement of people across regions and territories. It can be internal i.e., within the country or international i.e., between the countries. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.
(d) Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population
(a) The age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in a country i.e., children, working age and aged. (b) There are three broad categories of the population in a country. These are as given below: (i) Children (generally below 15 years) : They are economicRead more
(a) The age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in a country i.e., children, working age and aged.
(b) There are three broad categories of the population in a country. These are as given below:
(i) Children (generally below 15 years) : They are economically unproductive because they do not do any work to earn money. But they need food, clothing, education and medical care.
(ii) Working age (15-59 years): They are economically productive and biologically reproductive. They comprise the working population.
(iii) Aged (above 59 years) : Generally, they are retired people, but they can be economically productive. They may work voluntarily but they cannot be recruited for employment.
(c) It is an important basic characteristic of a population because the age of a person influences what he needs, buys, does and his capacity to perform. It determines the population’s social and economic structures. If the population of working age is more, the country may make rapid progress.
(a) Achievements: Health is wealth. It affects the process of development of a country. India has achieved significant improvements in the health conditions as mentioned below: (i) Death rate has declined tram 25 per 1000 population in 1951 to 6.1 per 1000 in 2001. (ii) Life expectancy at birth hasRead more
(a) Achievements: Health is wealth. It affects the process of development of a country. India has achieved significant improvements in the health conditions as mentioned below:
(i) Death rate has declined tram 25 per 1000 population in 1951 to 6.1 per 1000 in 2001.
(ii) Life expectancy at birth has increased from 36.7 years in 1951 in 6-4 6 years in 2001.
(b) Factors responsible for the achievements: These achievements are results of the following factors:
(i) Improvement in public health.
(ii) Prevention of infectious diseases.
(iii) Modern medj.cal techniques/practices in diagnosis and treatment of ailments.
(c) There is still a lot to be done in this sphere because of the following problems:
(i) Per capita calorie consumption is much below the recommended levels.
(ii) Malnutrition still afflicts a large percentage of population.
(iii) Shortage of safe drinking water and basic sanitation amenities.
These problems need to be tackled through an appropriate population policy.
Describe main facts of the 2001 Census regarding India’s population size and distribution by numbers.
(l) Uttar Pradesh with a population size of 166 million people is the most populous state of India. (ii) Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 per cent of the country's population. (iii) Himalayan state Sikkim has a population of just about 0.5 million. (iv) Lakshadweep has only 60 thousand people. (vRead more
(l) Uttar Pradesh with a population size of 166 million people is the most populous state of India.
See less(ii) Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 per cent of the country’s population.
(iii) Himalayan state Sikkim has a population of just about 0.5 million.
(iv) Lakshadweep has only 60 thousand people.
(v) Almost half of India’s population lives in 5 states i.e., Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.
(vi) Rajasthan the biggest state in terms of area has only 5.5a per cent of the total population.
What is absolute increase or the magnitude of increase in population growth? How is it obtained ? How does it differ from annual growth rate of population?
(a) (i) The absolute numbers added each year or decade is the magnitude of increase. (ii) It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g., that of 1991 from the later population (eg, that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase (b) On the other hand, the annual growthRead more
(a) (i) The absolute numbers added each year or decade is the magnitude of increase.
See less(ii) It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g., that of 1991 from the
later population (eg, that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase
(b) On the other hand, the annual growth rate is studied in per cent per annum e.g., a rate of increase of 2 per cent per annum means that in a given year, there was an increase of two persons for every 100 persons in the base population. This is referred to as annual growth rate.
What are “push” and “pull” factors in migrations in rural areas in India? What are its effects?
(a) In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the "push factor in rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the "pull" of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions. (b) EffectRead more
(a) In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the “push factor in rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the “pull” of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions.
See less(b) Effects: The rural-urban migration Le migration of people from rural areas to urban areas has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of population in cities and towns. The urban population has increased from 17.20 per cent of the total population in 1951 to 27.78 percent in 2001. There has been a significant increase in the number of million plus cities from 23 to 35 in just one decade i.e., 1991 to 2001.
Write a note on occupational structure in India?
(i) Meaning: The distribution of the population on the basis of occupation is called occupational structure. (ii) Types of occupation: There are three types of occupation-primary, secondary and tertiary. (iii) Primary activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, etc. Secondary activitRead more
(i) Meaning: The distribution of the population on the basis of occupation is called occupational structure.
See less(ii) Types of occupation: There are three types of occupation-primary, secondary and tertiary.
(iii) Primary activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, etc. Secondary activities include manufacturing industry, building and construction work, etc. and tertiary activities include transport, communications, commerce, etc.
(iv) In India, 64 per cent of the population is engaged only in agriculture.
(v) Only 13 and 20 per cent people are employed in secondary and tertiary sectors, respectively. However, there has been an ocupational shift to secondary and tertiary sectors due to growing industrialisation and urbanisation.
Write a short note on the adolescent population.
(i) It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India i.e., they are in the age group of 10 to 19 years. (ii) They are the most important resource for the future. (iii) Nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can lead to deficienRead more
(i) It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India i.e., they are in the age group of 10 to 19 years.
See less(ii) They are the most important resource for the future.
(iii) Nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can lead to deficiency and stunted growth.
(iv) The diet available to them in India is inadequate in all nutrients.
(v) A large number of adolescent girls suffer from anaemia because they do not get adequate attention at home where more attention is given to male children.
Describe National Population Policy 2000 regarding adolescents in India.
(1) National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major sections of the population that need greater attention. (ii) Put greater emphasis on nutritional requirements, protection from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STD). (iii) Programmers to encouRead more
(1) National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major sections of the population that need greater attention.
See less(ii) Put greater emphasis on nutritional requirements, protection from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
(iii) Programmers to encourage delayed marriage and child-bearing, education of adolescents about the risks of unprotected sex, making contraceptive services accessible and affordable, providing food supplement, nutritional services, strengthening legal measures to prevent child marriage.
Why is the distribution of population in Indian uneven? Explain with five examples.
The distribution of population in India is uneven. In the year 2001, the density was 324 persons per sq. km. It was, however, 904 persons per sq. km in West Bengal, to only 13 persons per sq. km in Arunachal Pradesh. The reasons for this disparities are us mentioned below: (i) Rugged terrain and unfRead more
The distribution of population in India is uneven. In the year 2001, the density was 324 persons per sq. km. It was, however, 904 persons per sq. km in West Bengal, to only 13 persons per sq. km in Arunachal Pradesh. The reasons for this disparities are us mentioned below:
See less(i) Rugged terrain and unfavorable climatic conditions are responsible for sparse population in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.
(ii) Hilly, dissected and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soils have influenced population densities in Assam and most of the peninsular states.
(iii )The flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall are responsible for high to very high population densities in the Northern plains and Kerala in the south.
(iv) Urbanisation also affects the population density in metropolitan cities like Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata.
(v) Industrialisation to be responsible for increase in population in an area because people migrate to such place to seek employment and better work opportunities.
Describe the processes of population change.
(i) There are three main processes of change of population : birth rates, death rates and migration. (ii) The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates. (a) Birth rate: The natural increase of population is the difference between the birth rates and death rRead more
(i) There are three main processes of change of population : birth rates, death rates and migration.
See less(ii) The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates.
(a) Birth rate: The natural increase of population is the difference between the birth rates and death rates. Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major component of population growth change in India because birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
(b) Death rate: It is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the population growth change in India is the rapid decline in death rates.
(c) Migrations: The third component of population growth is migration which is the movement of people across regions and territories. It can be internal i.e., within the country or international i.e., between the countries. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.
(d) Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population
What is age composition of a population? Describe its broad categories. What is its importance?
(a) The age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in a country i.e., children, working age and aged. (b) There are three broad categories of the population in a country. These are as given below: (i) Children (generally below 15 years) : They are economicRead more
(a) The age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in a country i.e., children, working age and aged.
See less(b) There are three broad categories of the population in a country. These are as given below:
(i) Children (generally below 15 years) : They are economically unproductive because they do not do any work to earn money. But they need food, clothing, education and medical care.
(ii) Working age (15-59 years): They are economically productive and biologically reproductive. They comprise the working population.
(iii) Aged (above 59 years) : Generally, they are retired people, but they can be economically productive. They may work voluntarily but they cannot be recruited for employment.
(c) It is an important basic characteristic of a population because the age of a person influences what he needs, buys, does and his capacity to perform. It determines the population’s social and economic structures. If the population of working age is more, the country may make rapid progress.
Write a note on the health of the population in India.
(a) Achievements: Health is wealth. It affects the process of development of a country. India has achieved significant improvements in the health conditions as mentioned below: (i) Death rate has declined tram 25 per 1000 population in 1951 to 6.1 per 1000 in 2001. (ii) Life expectancy at birth hasRead more
(a) Achievements: Health is wealth. It affects the process of development of a country. India has achieved significant improvements in the health conditions as mentioned below:
See less(i) Death rate has declined tram 25 per 1000 population in 1951 to 6.1 per 1000 in 2001.
(ii) Life expectancy at birth has increased from 36.7 years in 1951 in 6-4 6 years in 2001.
(b) Factors responsible for the achievements: These achievements are results of the following factors:
(i) Improvement in public health.
(ii) Prevention of infectious diseases.
(iii) Modern medj.cal techniques/practices in diagnosis and treatment of ailments.
(c) There is still a lot to be done in this sphere because of the following problems:
(i) Per capita calorie consumption is much below the recommended levels.
(ii) Malnutrition still afflicts a large percentage of population.
(iii) Shortage of safe drinking water and basic sanitation amenities.
These problems need to be tackled through an appropriate population policy.