(a) Preparation of soil
The preparation of soil is the first step before growing a crop. One of the most important tasks in agriculture is to turn the soil and loosen it. This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes which are friends of the farmer and add humus to it. Also, turning and loosening of soil brings the nutrient-rich soil to the top so that plants can use these nutrients.
(b) Sowing
Sowing is the most important part of crop production. Before sowing, good quality seeds are selected. Good quality seeds are clean and healthy seeds of a good variety. Seeds can be sown by seed drill or manually.
(c) Weeding
Weeds are unwanted plants that grown along with crops and removal of weeds is known as weeding. Weeds can be removed either manually by using tools like khurpi or by using weedicides like 2, 4 – D. These are sprayed in the fields to kill the weeds.
(d) Threshing
The process of separation of the grains from the chaff is called threshing. This is carried out with the help of a machine called ‘combine’ which is in fact a combined harvester and thresher.

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