(a) The makers of the Constitution felt that the weaker sections such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes may not be able to contest and win elections against others because they do not have the required resources, education and contacts like upeer classes. They have been discriminated for a loRead more
(a) The makers of the Constitution felt that the weaker sections such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes may not be able to contest and win elections against others because they do not have the required resources, education and contacts like upeer classes. They have been discriminated for a long time. Thus they will not be able to send their representatives to parliament and Legislative Assemblies. That would make our democracy less representative and less democratic.
(b) To solve the above problem, a special system of reserved constituencies has been adopted for the weaker sections i.e., scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST). In these constituencies, only candidates of these castes can stand for election. At present in Lok Sabha, 79 seats for SC and 41 for ST have been reserved. This number is in proportion to their share in the total population.
This system of reservations has been extended to Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in panchayats, municipalities, and corporations in many states. However; proportion of seats reserved varies from state to state. Similarly, one-third of seats are reserved in rural and urban local bodies for women candidates.
(a) Political competition means competition among political parties at the time of elections. At the constituency level, there is competition among several candidates. The competition makes the elections interesting and useful. (b) Merits : It is good to have political competition on the following gRead more
(a) Political competition means competition among political parties at the time of elections. At the constituency level, there is competition among several candidates. The competition makes the elections interesting and useful.
(b) Merits : It is good to have political competition on the following grounds:
(i) Political competition enables the people to reward political leaders for serving them and to punish for not doing so.
(ii) Regular electoral competition provides incentives to political parties and leaders because if they raise issues of public interest, their chances of victory increase in the next elections” But if they are not able to satisfy the voters with their work, they will loose in the next elections.
Demerits : Political competition has following disadvantages or demerits:
(i) It creates a sense of disunity and factionalism in every locality. People get divided on the basis of their loyalty towards a political part.
(ii) Different political parties and leaders start leveling allegations against each other.
(iii) Dirty tricks are used by the candidates and parties to win elections.
(iv) Sometimes the pressure to win elections does not allow sensible long-term policies to be formulated.
(v) Eminent people such as scientists, educationists do not join politics due to political competition. They do not like this unhealthy competition.
But in spite of these disadvantages or demerits, the system of free political competition works better in the long run because political leaders too want, to advance their careers. they can do so only by serving the people. Thus, the political competition forces the leaders to serve the people and win their support.
(l) Wages :The workers in the unorganised sector do not get minimum wage fixed by the government. They are not paid any allowances like dearness allowance or city compensatory allowance. They are paid only their wages. They are not paid for the extra time, they work in the factory. They, do not getRead more
(l) Wages :The workers in the unorganised sector do not get minimum wage fixed by the government. They are not paid any allowances like dearness allowance or city compensatory allowance. They are paid only their wages. They are not paid for the extra time, they work in the factory. They, do not get any leave or paid holiday.
(ii) Safety: No safety measures are taken in the factories for the protection of the workers. This results in injuries or death of labourers in the factory in case of fire or any other accident.
(iii) Health : The workers in the unorganised sector are not provided any medical
facilities. Whenever they fall ill or get injured, they get themselves treated by private doctors by paying for the treatment. Sometimes the working J conditions are not hygienic. They are not paid any medical allowance too. Lack of medical facilities affect their health and efficiency badly.
Why did the makers of the Constitution feel that the weaker not sections might not able to win elections in an open electoral competition? How did they solve this problem?
(a) The makers of the Constitution felt that the weaker sections such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes may not be able to contest and win elections against others because they do not have the required resources, education and contacts like upeer classes. They have been discriminated for a loRead more
(a) The makers of the Constitution felt that the weaker sections such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes may not be able to contest and win elections against others because they do not have the required resources, education and contacts like upeer classes. They have been discriminated for a long time. Thus they will not be able to send their representatives to parliament and Legislative Assemblies. That would make our democracy less representative and less democratic.
See less(b) To solve the above problem, a special system of reserved constituencies has been adopted for the weaker sections i.e., scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST). In these constituencies, only candidates of these castes can stand for election. At present in Lok Sabha, 79 seats for SC and 41 for ST have been reserved. This number is in proportion to their share in the total population.
This system of reservations has been extended to Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in panchayats, municipalities, and corporations in many states. However; proportion of seats reserved varies from state to state. Similarly, one-third of seats are reserved in rural and urban local bodies for women candidates.
What is the political competition? Is it good to have political competition?
(a) Political competition means competition among political parties at the time of elections. At the constituency level, there is competition among several candidates. The competition makes the elections interesting and useful. (b) Merits : It is good to have political competition on the following gRead more
(a) Political competition means competition among political parties at the time of elections. At the constituency level, there is competition among several candidates. The competition makes the elections interesting and useful.
See less(b) Merits : It is good to have political competition on the following grounds:
(i) Political competition enables the people to reward political leaders for serving them and to punish for not doing so.
(ii) Regular electoral competition provides incentives to political parties and leaders because if they raise issues of public interest, their chances of victory increase in the next elections” But if they are not able to satisfy the voters with their work, they will loose in the next elections.
Demerits : Political competition has following disadvantages or demerits:
(i) It creates a sense of disunity and factionalism in every locality. People get divided on the basis of their loyalty towards a political part.
(ii) Different political parties and leaders start leveling allegations against each other.
(iii) Dirty tricks are used by the candidates and parties to win elections.
(iv) Sometimes the pressure to win elections does not allow sensible long-term policies to be formulated.
(v) Eminent people such as scientists, educationists do not join politics due to political competition. They do not like this unhealthy competition.
But in spite of these disadvantages or demerits, the system of free political competition works better in the long run because political leaders too want, to advance their careers. they can do so only by serving the people. Thus, the political competition forces the leaders to serve the people and win their support.
What is the speed of light?
3 x 10⁸ m/s
3 x 10⁸ m/s
See lessWhat is a ray?
Ray is a line defining the path of light.
Ray is a line defining the path of light.
See lessThe workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues:wages, safety and health. Explain with example.
(l) Wages :The workers in the unorganised sector do not get minimum wage fixed by the government. They are not paid any allowances like dearness allowance or city compensatory allowance. They are paid only their wages. They are not paid for the extra time, they work in the factory. They, do not getRead more
(l) Wages :The workers in the unorganised sector do not get minimum wage fixed by the government. They are not paid any allowances like dearness allowance or city compensatory allowance. They are paid only their wages. They are not paid for the extra time, they work in the factory. They, do not get any leave or paid holiday.
See less(ii) Safety: No safety measures are taken in the factories for the protection of the workers. This results in injuries or death of labourers in the factory in case of fire or any other accident.
(iii) Health : The workers in the unorganised sector are not provided any medical
facilities. Whenever they fall ill or get injured, they get themselves treated by private doctors by paying for the treatment. Sometimes the working J conditions are not hygienic. They are not paid any medical allowance too. Lack of medical facilities affect their health and efficiency badly.