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“There are many challenges faced by political parties in India”. Explain.
Lack of Internal Democracy: Most political parties are dominated by top leaders. Ordinary members have little voice in decision-making and internal elections are often not held, which weakens democratic spirit within the party. Dynastic Succession: Leadership in many parties is passed on within a siRead more
Lack of Internal Democracy:
Most political parties are dominated by top leaders. Ordinary members have little voice in decision-making and internal elections are often not held, which weakens democratic spirit within the party.
Dynastic Succession:
Leadership in many parties is passed on within a single family. This discourages capable and deserving members from rising, creating unfair control and reducing merit-based leadership.
Use of Money and Muscle Power:
During elections, parties depend heavily on money and influence to gain votes. This promotes corruption and gives advantage to wealthy candidates.
Low Representation of Women:
Women are still underrepresented in party leadership and candidate selection, which limits gender equality and true representation.
Declining Public Trust:
See lessDue to corruption, unfulfilled promises and lack of transparency, people lose confidence in political parties, weakening democratic participation.
Read the given text and answer the following questions: Sri Lanka emerged as an independent country in 1948. The leaders of the Sinhala community sought to secure dominance over government by virtue of their majority. As a result, the democratically elected government adopted a series of MAJORITARIAN measures to establish Sinhala supremacy. Over the years, it created feelings of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils. They felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala leaders was sensitive to their language and culture. As a result, the relations between the Sinhala and Tamil communities strained over time. On the other hand, the Belgian leaders took a different path. They recognised the existence of regional differences and cultural diversities. Between 1970 and 1993, they amended their constitution four times to work out an arrangement that would enable everyone to live together within the same country. 28. 1 State any two demands of Tamils in Sri Lanka. 28. 2 State the results of the Majoritarian Government in Sri Lanka. 28. 3 Explain any two provisions of the Belgian model of power sharing.
ANSWER: 28. 1 (a) The Tamils demanded that their language, Tamil, be recognised as one of the official languages of Sri Lanka. (b) They wanted regional autonomy in Tamil-majority areas. (c) They also sought equality of opportunities in securing education and government jobs to end discrimination andRead more
ANSWER: 28. 1 (a) The Tamils demanded that their language, Tamil, be recognised as one of the official languages of Sri Lanka.
(b) They wanted regional autonomy in Tamil-majority areas.
(c) They also sought equality of opportunities in securing education and government jobs to end discrimination and ensure fair representation.
The Belgian Constitution prescribed that the number of Dutch-speaking and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the central government. Some special laws require majority support from both linguistic groups, preventing unilateral decisions.
(b) Distribution of Powers:
Many powers of the central government were given to the state governments of the two regions. These state governments are not subordinate to the central government, ensuring balance and autonomy.
See lessWhich of the following best describes Human Development Index (HDI)? (a) Improvement in science, information and technology. (b) Improvement in health, education and income (c) Improvement in information and communication (d) Improvement in investment, finance and technology
The correct answer is (b). The Human Development Index (HDI) measures a country’s average achievements in three main areas — health (life expectancy), education (literacy and years of schooling) and income (standard of living). It provides a broader understanding of human progress beyond economic grRead more
The correct answer is (b). The Human Development Index (HDI) measures a country’s average achievements in three main areas — health (life expectancy), education (literacy and years of schooling) and income (standard of living). It provides a broader understanding of human progress beyond economic growth, helping to compare the quality of life and development levels among different countries.
See lessMahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 states a guarantee of minimum 100 days of employment per year. If government is unable to fulfil these 100 days of an employment, the government would have to ………….. . Choose the correct option:
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) 2005 ensures 100 days of wage employment annually for rural households. If the government cannot provide these 100 days of work, it is legally required to pay compensation to the workers, fulfilling the scheme’s objective of liveliRead more
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) 2005 ensures 100 days of wage employment annually for rural households. If the government cannot provide these 100 days of work, it is legally required to pay compensation to the workers, fulfilling the scheme’s objective of livelihood security. Correct Option is (a)
See lessAccording to recent global data, India’s economy is among the largest in the world. Which of the following correctly represents India’s position in terms of GDP ranking?
The correct answer is (d). India ranks fifth globally in terms of GDP, after the USA, China, Japan and Germany. This ranking reflects India’s growing strength in industrial, agricultural and service sectors. Rapid development in the service sector, especially IT and finance, has boosted India’s globRead more
The correct answer is (d). India ranks fifth globally in terms of GDP, after the USA, China, Japan and Germany. This ranking reflects India’s growing strength in industrial, agricultural and service sectors. Rapid development in the service sector, especially IT and finance, has boosted India’s global economic status, making it one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world.
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