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Draw and explain how the nerve cells help in transmission of impulses?
A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. It consists of dendrites, a cell body, and an axon. Dendrites receive impulses from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body. The impulse then passes along the axon to axon terminals, where it is transferred to another neuRead more
A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. It consists of dendrites, a cell body, and an axon. Dendrites receive impulses from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body. The impulse then passes along the axon to axon terminals, where it is transferred to another neuron or effector through synapses using neurotransmitters. This mechanism ensures the rapid and efficient transmission of information throughout the body.
See lessIn a genetic experiment, plants with pure round green seeds (RRyy) were crossed with plants with wrinkled yellow seeds (rrYY). (i) Show the gametes formed when F1 was self-pollinated. (ii) A total of 144 seeds were produced which developed into saplings. Show the ratio in which these traits are independently inherited in these 144 saplings.
In the cross RRyy × rrYY, the F₁ plants are RrYy (round yellow). Gametes formed are RY, Ry, rY, ry. On self-pollination, the F₂ generation shows independent assortment of traits, producing a phenotypic ratio of 9 round yellow : 3 round green : 3 wrinkled yellow : 1 wrinkled green. If 144 seeds are pRead more
In the cross RRyy × rrYY, the F₁ plants are RrYy (round yellow). Gametes formed are RY, Ry, rY, ry. On self-pollination, the F₂ generation shows independent assortment of traits, producing a phenotypic ratio of 9 round yellow : 3 round green : 3 wrinkled yellow : 1 wrinkled green. If 144 seeds are produced, the numbers are 81, 27, 27, and 9 respectively. This experiment demonstrates Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment.
See lessHow will the digested food be taken up by the alimentary canal?
The digested food is absorbed in the small intestine, mainly through the inner walls lined with tiny finger-like projections called villi. These villi greatly increase the surface area for absorption. Each villus contains blood capillaries and lymph vessels that transport nutrients. The digested nutRead more
The digested food is absorbed in the small intestine, mainly through the inner walls lined with tiny finger-like projections called villi. These villi greatly increase the surface area for absorption. Each villus contains blood capillaries and lymph vessels that transport nutrients. The digested nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol pass through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream and lymph. From there, they are carried to different parts of the body for energy, growth, and repair.
See lessNeha consumed boiled sweet potatoes and boiled eggs for breakfast. Help her to understand some steps in the process of digestion of the food taken by her by answering the questions given below. Which of these food items is rich in proteins? In which part of the alimentary canal is the digestion of this component initiated? Name the enzymes, conditions required and the glands associated with the digestion here.
Boiled eggs are rich in proteins. Protein digestion begins in the stomach. The gastric glands present in the stomach wall secrete gastric juice containing pepsin enzyme and hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium, which activates pepsin from its inactive form, pepsinogen. PepsiRead more
Boiled eggs are rich in proteins. Protein digestion begins in the stomach. The gastric glands present in the stomach wall secrete gastric juice containing pepsin enzyme and hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium, which activates pepsin from its inactive form, pepsinogen. Pepsin then breaks down complex protein molecules into smaller peptides. The mucus secreted by the stomach lining protects it from acid damage. Thus, the stomach is the first site where protein digestion starts effectively in humans.
See lessReha consumed boiled sweet potatoes and boiled eggs for breakfast. Help her to understand some steps in the process of digestion of the food taken by her by answering the questions given below. B. Which of these food items contains fats? How is it digested? C. Which of these food items is rich in starch? How is its digestion initiated? D. The figure given below represents parts of the human alimentary canal. Which of these parts will have the maximum amount of digested food as soon as the process of digestion is completed?
ANSWR: (b) Eggs contain fats. Bile juice from the liver breaks down large fat globules into smaller ones for increasing the efficiency of the enzymes and making the medium alkaline. Emulsified fats are digested by lipase secreted by pancreas. ANSWER: (c) Sweet potatoes are rich in starch. The salivaRead more
ANSWR: (b) Eggs contain fats. Bile juice from the liver breaks down large fat globules into smaller ones for increasing the efficiency of the enzymes and making the medium alkaline. Emulsified fats are digested by lipase secreted by pancreas.
ANSWER: (c) Sweet potatoes are rich in starch. The saliva secreted by salivary glands present in buccal cavity contain an enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down starch which is a complex molecule to give sugar.
ANSWER: (d) Small Intestine will have a maximum amount of digested food as the process of digestion is completed in the small intestine.
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