Interviews reveal older citizens initially lacked personal computers or smartphones, depending on government clerks and touts. Today, widespread smartphone and affordable internet access allow citizens from all backgrounds to access public services directly from home or kiosks.
Class 9 Social Science Part 2 book Solutions
Chapter 4 Governance and Public Policy (Social Science 2) Solutions
Survey findings indicate that prior to digital reforms, teachers, security staff and parents lacked personal digital devices, forcing them to visit government offices in person, endure long queues and hire intermediaries. Today, affordable smartphones and low-cost cellular data allow citizens across all income groups to utilize e-governance portals independently or through local Common Service Centers (CSCs), eliminating procedural delays and paperwork.
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