The world’s hot deserts, such as the Sahara and the Arabian Desert, are located in the Subtropical High-Pressure Belts (around 30° N/S). In these zones, air that rose at the equator sinks back to the surface. As it sinks, it compresses and warms up (adiabatic heating), which prevents clouds from forming and creates extremely dry conditions. ANSWER: (D) Subtropical high-pressure belt
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Deserts are not just about heat; they are about high pressure. In the Subtropical High-Pressure belts, the air is “subsiding” or sinking. Sinking air is the enemy of rain because it inhibits the upward movement of moisture needed to form clouds. As the air descends, its relative humidity drops, leading to clear skies and intense evaporation. This is why the 30-degree latitude marks in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are home to the most arid regions on Earth. Without rising air, there is no condensation and without condensation, there is no rain.
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