The Alps are the premier example of Young Fold Mountains in Europe. They were formed during the Alpine Orogeny (Tertiary period) when the African Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate. They are characterized by high, jagged peaks, steep slopes and active glaciation, unlike the older, eroded ranges like the Urals or Pennines. ANSWER: (C) Alps
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In European geography, the Alps represent the most recent and dramatic phase of mountain building. Because they are “young,” they have not yet been rounded by eons of erosion, maintaining the highest elevations in Central Europe (Mont Blanc). This range acts as a major climatic divide, separating the Mediterranean climate of the south from the temperate climates of the north. In contrast, the Vosges is a block mountain and the Urals and Pennines are “Old Fold Mountains” from the Paleozoic era, appearing as much lower and smoother hills due to their advanced geological age.