Shivaji transferred forts to the Mughals by the Treaty of Purandar in 1665 AD. Forced to sign by the Mughal General Raja Jai Singh I, the treaty compelled Shivaji to surrender 23 of his 35 forts and accept service under the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. This treaty was a major temporary setback for the Maratha state. ANSWER: (A) Treaty of Purandar
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The treaty by which Shivaji ceded forts to the Mughals was the Treaty of Purandar (1665 AD). After a prolonged siege led by Raja Jai Singh I, Shivaji was compelled to sign. Under its terms, he surrendered twenty-three of his thirty-five forts to the Mughals. Critically, the treaty also stipulated that Shivaji’s son, Sambhaji, would serve as a Mansabdar in the Mughal court and Shivaji himself agreed to personal service and aid in the campaign against Bijapur.