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A reddish-brown metal “X”, when heated in air, gives a black compound “Y”, which when heated in presence of H₂ gas gives “X” back. “X” is refined by the process of electrolysis; this refined form of “X” is used in electrical wiring. Identify “X” and “Y”. Draw a well-labeled diagram to represent the process of refining “X”.

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The reddish-brown metal X is copper (Cu). When heated in air, it forms black copper(II) oxide (CuO) or Y. On heating with hydrogen, CuO reduces back to Cu, used in electrical wiring.

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  1. The reddish-brown metal “X” is copper (Cu). When copper is heated in air, it reacts with oxygen to form a black compound “Y”, which is copper(II) oxide (CuO).
    When CuO is heated in the presence of hydrogen gas (H₂), it gets reduced back to copper metal (Cu) and water is formed.

    CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O

    Copper is refined by electrolysis, and its pure form is widely used in electrical wiring due to its high electrical conductivity.

    (b) Diagram to represent the process of refining of ‘X

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