The sitar has a fretted fingerboard, producing resonant, ringing tones. The sarod, with a smooth, fretless surface, allows gliding movements, creating deep, rich sounds.
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The sitar and sarod differ in structure and playing technique. The sitar has frets, enabling clear plucked notes with resonating sympathetic strings. The sarod lacks frets, producing smooth, sliding tones through continuous finger contact. Sitars are played with a wire plectrum, while sarods use a thicker pick. Sitars emphasize melodic elaboration, while sarods focus on deep, resonant sustain. Each instrument offers unique tonal textures to Indian classical music.