On increasing the temperature of a substance gradually, its colour becomes

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It determines the direction of heat flow, from hotter to cooler objects. Temperature is commonly measured in degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit or Kelvin. It plays a key role in various physical and chemical processes.

Class 11 Physics Chapter 10 Thermal Properties of Matter covers topics like temperature heat and specific heat capacity. It explains thermal expansion and calorimetry. The chapter also explores heat transfer through conduction and convection and introduces the laws of thermodynamics. Additionally it discusses the behavior of gases under varying temperature and pressure conditions.