Inheritance of a single whole gene set from each parent ensures independent assortment of genes during meiosis. If progeny plants inherited both gene sets from one parent, the characteristics ‘R’ and ‘y’ would be linked, making it impossible to observe independent segregation and recombination of traits as depicted in the experiment.
Why is it essential for progeny plants to inherit a single whole gene set from each parent for the experiment in Figure to work?
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For the experiment in Figure to work, it is essential for progeny plants to inherit a single whole gene set from each parent to ensure the expression of specific traits. The controlled cross involves the mating of plants with known genotypes, allowing researchers to study the inheritance of particular genes. If progeny received more than one complete gene set from either parent (polyploidy or abnormal chromosome numbers), it would complicate the genetic analysis, making it challenging to attribute observed traits to specific genes. Inheritance of a single whole gene set ensures a clear understanding of gene transmission and expression.