What kinds of relations were made with pastoralists by European settlers in Africa?

(i) Pastoralists were not allowed to enter the markets in white areas.
(ii) In many regions, they were prohibited from participating in any, form of
trade.
(iii) White settlers and European colonists saw pastoralists as dangerous and savage people with whom all contact had to be minimised.
(iv) cutting off all links was, however, never really possible, because white colonists were dependent on black labour for boring mines and building roads and towns.
(v) Those who were found to be guilty of disobeying the rules were severely punished.