Why do we need institutions? Mention India some of the major institutions in and their importance.

(a) we need institutions due to the reasons as mentioned below:
(i) Modern state is a welfare state. A government is supposed to perform various functions i.e., security of its citizens, law and order, justice, welfare activities, such as education, supply of water, electricity and other functions.
(ii) Various decisions are taken and implemented for the welfare of the people.
(iii) All these functions are performed by various institutions in a democracy.
(iv) The constitution of a country lays down rules and regulations for the establishment of these institutions and their powers.
So, institutions are necessary for the working of a government and for the welfare of the people.
(b) The main institutions in India are as follows:
(i) The Prime Minister and the cabinet: They take important decisions.
(ii) Civil Servants: They implement the decisions of the ministers.
(iii) Supreme Court: It decides disputes between citizens and the government.
(c) Importance of institutions: Institutions work in accordance with rules and regulations. This sometimes leads to delays in taking decisions. But to take decisions in this way is the spirit of democracy. At the same time the delay in taking decision, gives an opportunity to the people to be consulted directly or indirectly in any decision” Generally, institutions help us to take good decisions. That is why institutions are necessary in a democracy.