The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed to end the first phase of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Under this pact, the Congress agreed to suspend the movement and participate in the Second Round Table Conference. In return, the British ...
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The Rowlatt Act, officially the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, authorized the British government to detain political activists without trial for up to two years. Popularly called the “Black Law,” it aimed to suppress the rising tide of ...
Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were executed for their involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy Case, specifically the assassination of British police officer John Saunders. They carried out the killing to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. Their execution on ...
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred in Amritsar, Punjab, on April 13, 1919. A large, peaceful crowd had gathered to protest the Rowlatt Act and celebrate Baisakhi. Without warning, Brigadier-General Dyer blocked the only exit and ordered his troops to fire ...
Mahatma Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 following the Chauri Chaura incident in Uttar Pradesh. A peaceful procession turned violent when a mob set fire to a police station, killing 22 policemen. Committed to absolute non-violence, Gandhi believed ...