Decomposers break down dead organisms and waste products, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. This process helps maintain soil fertility and supports the growth of plants, completing the nutrient cycle in ecosystems.
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Organisms in an ecosystem interact through various relationships such as predation, competition, mutualism, and parasitism. These interactions affect their survival, reproduction, and the overall balance and health of the ecosystem.
Biodiversity enhances ecosystem stability, productivity, and resilience. It ensures a variety of species and genetic diversity, contributing to ecosystem services, adaptation to environmental changes, and overall health of the environment.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering activation energy. They bind to substrates, facilitate the conversion into products, and are then released to catalyze additional reactions.
Photosynthesis allows plants and some microorganisms to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. This process provides the primary energy source for these organisms and produces oxygen essential for aerobic life.