Emperor Jahangir introduced the ‘Do Aspa Sih Aspa’ system in the Mansabdari system. Literally meaning ‘two or three horses’, this reform allowed a Mansabdar to be paid for double or triple the number of horses/troopers required for his Sawar rank ...
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In the Mughal Mansabdari system, ‘Zat’ denoted the personal rank and status of the Mansabdar, which determined his salary. ‘Sawar’ denoted his military responsibilities, specifically the number of cavalry troopers he was required to maintain and bring to imperial service. ...
The “reserved land” intended for future allocation as Jagir (revenue assignment) during the Mughal period was called Paibaqi (or Paybaqi). This land was administered directly by the imperial treasury until it was officially assigned to a Mansabdar, at which point ...
The Mughal emperor who finally abolished the Jaziya tax was Muhammad Shah ‘Rangila’ in 1720. Although Akbar abolished it (1564) and Aurangzeb reimposed it (1679), Muhammad Shah’s finance minister, Raja Girdhar Bahadur, finally suspended and abolished the discriminatory poll tax ...
The number of Mughal provinces (subahs) increased from 15 during Akbar’s time to 21 during the height of Aurangzeb’s reign. This increase was due to the incorporation of newly conquered territories, most notably the Deccan sultanates of Bijapur and Golconda, ...