Tephra is a general term for all fragmented material produced and ejected into the air during a volcanic eruption. This includes everything from fine volcanic ash and dust to medium-sized lapilli and large volcanic bombs. Once tephra falls to the ...
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The Colorado Plateau is the site of the Grand Canyon, carved by the Colorado River. This plateau is a massive, stable uplifted block. As the land rose over millions of years, the river cut down through the layers of rock, ...
A Guyot (or seamount) is an isolated, flat-topped submarine mountain. Geographically, they are the plateaus of the ocean floor. They were originally volcanic islands that were leveled by wave erosion at the sea surface and subsequently submerged as the ocean ...
The Alps are the premier example of Young Fold Mountains in Europe. They were formed during the Alpine Orogeny (Tertiary period) when the African Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate. They are characterized by high, jagged peaks, steep slopes and ...
A Volcanic Neck (or plug) is a landform created when magma hardens inside the “throat” or vent of an active volcano. Over millions of years, the softer outer layers of the volcanic cone are eroded away by wind and water, ...