The post of ‘Pratinidhi’ (The Viceroy or Representative of the King), which was superior to the Peshwa, was created by Rajaram, the second son of Shivaji. He created the post to balance the power of the Peshwa and to strengthen ...
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Shivaji established his first naval fleet at Colaba. Recognizing the strategic importance of the Arabian Sea, he focused on building a navy to protect his coastal territories, control sea trade and defend against the Portuguese, the Abyssinian Siddis of Janjira ...
In the Maratha infantry, a Naik (corporal) commanded a unit of 9 foot soldiers. Similar to the cavalry, this was the basic operational unit. Ten Naiks were overseen by a Havaldar, ensuring a well-defined chain of command and promoting coordination ...
The Third Anglo-Maratha War resulted in the total annihilation of Maratha political power. The British abolished the Peshwaship, annexing the Pune region directly into their dominion. Bajirao II was exiled to Bithoor. Simultaneously, the other members of the Maratha Confederacy—Scindia, ...
The central secretariat of the Maratha government, particularly under the Peshwas in Pune, was known as the ‘Huzur Daftar’ or simply the ‘Phad’. It was a highly sophisticated administrative hub where all land records, revenue accounts and official correspondence were ...