NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 9
Heredity and Evolution
NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and UP Board
Intext Questions
Page No-158
Questions No-2
In evolutionary terms, can we say which among bacteria, spiders, fish and chimpanzees have a ‘better’ body design? Why or why not?
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Evolution cannot always be equated with progress or better body designs. Evolution simply
creates more complex body designs. However, this does not mean that the simple body
designs are inefficient. In fact, bacteria having a simple body design are still the most
cosmopolitan organisms found on earth. They can survive hot springs, deep sea, and even
freezing environment.
Therefore, bacteria, spiders, fish, and chimpanzees are all different branches of evolution.
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It depends on our perception of ‘better’ design. If complexity of body design is the criterion, then chimpanzee is obviously better than bacteria. But if ability of survival in almost all kinds of habitat is a criterion then bacteria are far ahead than any other group of organisms.
Amongst all the organisms given, since all are well adjusted in their specific niches, so it can’t be said as to which has a better body design. A simple bacteria can survive in thermal vents to polar region. so they are all evolved organisms, some are more recent, while some more ancient.