The notes of Kalyani are the same as Shankarabharanam, except for the Madhyamam (M). Kalyani has Prati Madhyamam (M2), which is higher, whereas Shankarabharanam has Shuddha Madhyamam (M1).
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Kalyani and Shankarabharanam share the same notes except for the Madhyamam. Kalyani uses Prati Madhyamam (M2), giving it a brighter, more expressive tone, whereas Shankarabharanam has Shuddha Madhyamam (M1), which sounds more stable and balanced. This difference changes the emotional feel of the raga. Kalyani is associated with devotion and grandeur, while Shankarabharanam has a more neutral, all-encompassing melodic expression. Both are fundamental ragas in Carnatic music.