Alberuni visited India during Mahmud Ghaznavi’s rule. A brilliant scholar, he accompanied Mahmud’s campaigns and studied Indian culture, religion, mathematics and sciences. His work Kitab-ul-Hind provides an objective and detailed description of India in the early 11th century. Alberuni’s writings remain one of the most important sources for understanding medieval India. ANSWER: (B) Mahmud of Ghaznavi