The various colors in a rainbow are produced by the dispersion of white light from the Sun. When white light passes through raindrops, it undergoes dispersion, separating into its component colors due to their different wavelengths.

The angle of deviation is represented by ÐD in the diagram. It is the angle between the direction of the incident ray and the direction of the emergent ray after passing through the prism.

The angle formed between the incident ray and the emergent ray in a prism is known as the angle of deviation.

In a prism, light undergoes bending towards the normal at one surface and away from the normal at the other. In a glass slab, the bending occurs only once, either towards or away from the normal depending on the direction ...

At the second surface AC, the light ray exits from glass to air, bending away from the normal. This is in contrast to the first surface where the bending was towards the normal.