The valency of carbon is four, allowing it to form bonds with four other atoms of carbon or other mono-valent elements.

Bonds formed by carbon are much stronger compared to bonds formed by elements with bigger atoms, which tend to be weaker.

Functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within molecules that impart characteristic chemical properties to the compound, regardless of the length and nature of the carbon chain. They often contain heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or halogens, which replace ...

Alkenes and alkynes are considered unsaturated hydrocarbons because they contain double or triple bonds, respectively, which can undergo addition reactions to add more atoms or groups to the molecule. In contrast, alkanes have only single bonds and are therefore saturated ...

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. Alkenes, on the other hand, contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, making them unsaturated. Alkynes contain one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms, ...