The two main factors are: (1) a global climatic change around 2200 BCE that led to reduced rainfall and made agriculture difficult, and (2) the drying up of the Sarasvatī River, which caused cities like Kalibangan and Banawali to be ...
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Around 1900 BCE, the civilisation began to fall apart, with cities being abandoned one by one. The inhabitants shifted to a rural lifestyle, and the central administration or government seems to have disappeared. NCERT Book Exploring Society India and Beyond ...
The small seals, made of steatite and depicting animal figures with signs, were likely used to identify goods and traders, though their exact symbolic meaning is still unknown. Class VI Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Class 6 Social ...
The basin at Lothal, measuring 217 meters in length and 36 meters in width, was likely a dockyard used to receive and send boats for transporting goods. Class VI NCERT Social Science NCERT Social Science Textbook Exploring Society India and ...
The Harappans used land routes, rivers, and the sea for more distant destinations, marking the first intensive maritime activity in India. NCERT Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Class 6 NCERT Social Science Textbook Exploring Society India and Beyond Session ...