Droughts occur due to scarcity or irregular distribution of rainfall, leading to prolonged periods of dryness and water scarcity in affected regions.

Irrigation helps mitigate the impact of rainfall variability by providing a reliable water source for crops, ensuring consistent moisture levels throughout the growing season, and reducing the vulnerability of agriculture to the uncertainties of rainfall patterns.

Various measures are employed to expand irrigation coverage, including building dams and reservoirs, constructing canals and irrigation channels, promoting groundwater recharge, and adopting water-efficient irrigation technologies like drip irrigation.

Providing water at the right stages during the growing season is essential for maximizing crop yields, as water scarcity or irregular irrigation can lead to stunted growth, poor yield, and crop failure.

Poor monsoons can lead to crop failure in rain-fed agriculture, as inadequate rainfall affects crop growth and productivity, resulting in reduced yields and economic losses for farmers.