Free fall refers to the motion of objects falling towards the Earth under the influence of gravitational force alone, without any other forces acting on them.
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Everyday objects attract each other with gravitational force, but this force is noticeable only when at least one of the objects has a significantly large mass, like Earth.
Newton’s conclusion unified the motion of celestial bodies and objects on Earth under a single universal law of gravitation.
The evidence is the observed orbital motion of planets around the Sun, which implies a gravitational force maintaining these orbits.
Newton extended the idea by arguing that the same force causing an apple to fall to Earth and the Moon to orbit Earth also governs the motion of planets around the Sun.