(i) 31 g potassium nitrate is needed. (ii) Potassium chloride crystals will separate as the solution cools because its solubility decreases. (iii) Solubility generally increases with temperature, but the increase differs among salts.
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Distillation is effective because acetone and water have sufficiently different boiling points. Acetone boils at about 56 °C, while water boils at 100 °C, allowing acetone to vaporise first and separate.
The correct sequence is 1, 3, 2. First, sublimation separates naphthalene. Next, filtration separates sand from the salt solution. Finally, evaporation separates common salt from water and gives the remaining salt.
If blood behaved like a true suspension, its larger particles would settle when left undisturbed. In blood, the dispersed phase consists of blood cells and the dispersion medium is plasma, remaining dispersed throughout.
Evaporation is preferred to obtain a solute when the solvent is not needed. Crystallization is preferred to obtain a pure solid. Distillation is preferred when recovering the solvent or separating miscible liquids.