Except for phloem fibres, all other phloem cells (sieve cells, sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma) are living cells.
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The main function of phloem is to transport food from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
The five types of cells that make up the phloem are sieve cells, sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres, and phloem parenchyma.
Secondary meristem located in the cortex produces layers of cork cells as part of secondary growth in plants. This process adds to the thickness and protective function of the outer layer of branches and stems.
Suberin, present in the walls of cork cells, provides a waterproof barrier that prevents the movement of gases and water through the outer layer of the plant.