Each situation involves the exertion of force to cause displacement, aligning with the scientific definition of work as the product of force and distance.

Lifting a book involves exerting force against gravity to move it vertically, meeting the criteria for work as force applied over a distance.

By pulling a trolley, you exert force to displace it, demonstrating the application of work as force acting over a distance.

When you push a pebble, you exert a force over a distance, causing the pebble to move, thus fulfilling the definition of work in physics.

In science, work is specifically defined as a mechanical process involving force and displacement, while in daily life, work encompasses a broader range of productive activities, excluding leisure pursuits.