One major challenge is that many of the fish species used in composite fish culture only breed during the monsoon season, leading to irregular availability of fish seed.

The goal is to maximize fish production by utilizing the pond ecosystem efficiently and sustainably through the strategic selection of fish species with complementary feeding habits, thereby increasing overall productivity.

Without competition for food, each species can efficiently feed on their preferred food sources, leading to optimal growth rates and overall higher fish yield from the pond.

Examples include Catlas (surface feeders), Rohus (middle-zone feeders), Mrigals and Common Carps (bottom feeders), and Grass Carps (weed eaters).

By selecting species such as surface feeders, middle-zone feeders, bottom feeders, and weed eaters, all available food resources in different parts of the pond are efficiently utilized.