Antarctica is referred to as a pristine place because it remains largely untouched by human activity, preserving its natural environment in a state of purity. With no permanent human settlements and minimal pollution, the continent has maintained its original ecosystem, ...

The main source of energy for phytoplankton is sunlight. Through the process of photosynthesis, phytoplankton absorb sunlight and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, providing them with energy to grow and reproduce. In Antarctica, ...

Geoff Green shifted his focus to taking students on polar expeditions because he recognized that young people are more receptive to change and have the potential to become future leaders in environmental conservation. Unlike wealthy tourists, who may visit the ...

Antarctica has a fragile and unique polar ecosystem characterized by extreme conditions, low biodiversity, and a delicate balance. Despite its harsh climate, Antarctica supports life adapted to its cold environment, including phytoplankton, krill, seals, penguins, and various seabirds. This ecosystem ...

Near the Antarctic Circle, the author participated in a thrilling activity: walking on the frozen sea ice. This rare opportunity allowed the author and other participants to step directly onto the thick ice that covers the Southern Ocean, experiencing the ...