Very tall trees face the challenge of large distances for transport systems. Despite this, plants have independently organized conducting tubes (xylem and phloem) to efficiently move energy stores from leaves and raw materials from roots.

Xylem transports water and minerals from the soil to various parts of the plant, while phloem moves products of photosynthesis from leaves, where they are synthesized, to other plant tissues.

Plants have low energy needs as they do not move and contain a significant proportion of dead cells. This allows them to use relatively slow transport systems.

In situations where the distance between roots and leaves is significant, a proper transportation system becomes essential because diffusion alone cannot efficiently provide raw materials to leaves and transport energy to roots.

The soil serves as a rich source of raw materials like nitrogen and phosphorus for plants. Roots are the plant organs primarily responsible for absorbing these substances from the soil.