Nephrons are the filtration units in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. They selectively re-absorb substances like glucose, amino acids, salts, and water from the initial filtrate as urine flows through the tubules.

The basic filtration unit in the kidneys is a cluster of very thin-walled blood capillaries associated with the cup-shaped end of a coiled tube called Bowman’s capsule.

Waste products, including nitrogenous wastes like urea or uric acid, are removed from the blood through a process of filtration in the kidneys’ thin-walled blood capillaries.

The purpose of urine production is to filter out waste products, such as urea or uric acid, from the blood.

The kidneys are located in the abdomen, one on either side of the backbone.