India’s mineral resources support industrial growth by providing essential raw materials. Iron ore aids steel production, bauxite supports aluminium industries, and coal powers factories. These minerals help develop automobiles, machinery, construction, and energy sectors, strengthening the country’s industrial base.
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Coimbatore is ideal for a cotton textile industry because it has a large cotton-growing region nearby, reliable power supply, skilled labour, and well-developed transport facilities. Its favourable climate and existing textile mills also support efficient industrial growth.
Wheat grows well in cool and dry climates, found in Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. However, Tamil Nadu has a hot and humid climate with more rainfall, which suits rice, not wheat. Hence, climate and soil differences cause this cropping variation.
Groundwater overuse is particularly found in Punjab and Western Uttar Pradesh (Option b). Excessive extraction for irrigation and agriculture, especially for water-intensive crops like rice and sugarcane, has caused groundwater depletion, lowering water tables and threatening future water availability.
The state with a large percentage of land under permanent forest in India is Madhya Pradesh (Option b). It has the largest forest cover area, rich in biodiversity and supports major wildlife sanctuaries and national parks like Kanha and Bandhavgarh. ...