1. (i) Growth of urban population. (ii) Export market became bigger. (iii) Spread of railways made it easy to transport the grain from the wheat growing regions to the eastern coast for export.

    (i) Growth of urban population.
    (ii) Export market became bigger.
    (iii) Spread of railways made it easy to transport the grain from the wheat growing regions to the eastern coast for export.

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  2. The richer farmers expanded grain production, sold this in the world market, made profit and became powerful.

    The richer farmers expanded grain production, sold this in the world market, made profit and became powerful.

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  3. One reason for buying the threshing machines was the insolence of labourers, their drinking habits, and difficulty of making them work.

    One reason for buying the threshing machines was the insolence of labourers, their
    drinking habits, and difficulty of making them work.

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  4. (l) The poor could no longer collect their firewood from the forests or graze their cattle on the commons. (ii) They could no longer collect apples or berries.

    (l) The poor could no longer collect their firewood from the forests or graze their cattle on the commons.
    (ii) They could no longer collect apples or berries.

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  5. (i ) The planting of turnip and clover improved the soil and made it more fertile. (ii) Turnip was, moreover, a good fodder crop relished by cattle.

    (i ) The planting of turnip and clover improved the soil and made it more fertile.
    (ii) Turnip was, moreover, a good fodder crop relished by cattle.

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