1. Merits: (i) In an ideal world, all political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them. (ii) Our- constitution makers opted for free competition in elections as the way to select our future leaders, because this system works better in the long run. (iiRead more

    Merits:
    (i) In an ideal world, all political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them.
    (ii) Our- constitution makers opted for free competition in elections as the way to select our future leaders, because this system works better in the long run.
    (iii) Political leaders are motivated by a desire to advance in their political careers. They want to remain in power or get power. and position for themselves for which, they can compere with other political parties.
    Demerits:
    (i) An electoral competition creates a sense of disunity and factionalism in every locality.
    (ii) Different political parties and leaders often level allegations against one another’.
    (iii) Parties and candidates often use dirty tlicks to win elections.

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  2. Minimum conditions for democratic elections are as follows: (i) Everyone should be able to choose. This means that everyone should have one vote and every vote should have equal value. (ii) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and should offer some real choice to the voters. (iRead more

    Minimum conditions for democratic elections are as follows:
    (i) Everyone should be able to choose. This means that everyone should have one vote and every vote should have equal value.
    (ii) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and should offer some real choice to the voters.
    (iii) The choice should be offered at regular intervals. Elections must be held
    every few years.
    (iv) The candidates preferred by the people should get elected.
    (v) Elections should be conducted in a free and fail manner, where people can choose as they wish.

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  3. (i) New schools for children emphasised the importance of plain dressing and discouraged ornamentation. (ii) Gymnastics and games entered the school curriculum for women. As women took to sports, they had to weal' clothes that did not hinder movement. (iii) When they went out to work, they needed clRead more

    (i) New schools for children emphasised the importance of plain dressing and discouraged ornamentation.
    (ii) Gymnastics and games entered the school curriculum for women. As women took to sports, they had to weal’ clothes that did not hinder movement.
    (iii) When they went out to work, they needed clothes that were comfortable and convenient.

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  4. (i) Conservatives every where opposed the change. (ii) They felt that women who gave up traditional norms of dressing no longer looked beauuful and lost their femimity and grace. (iii) Faced with persistent attacks, many women began to wear their traditional clothes to conform to conventions.

    (i) Conservatives every where opposed the change.
    (ii) They felt that women who gave up traditional norms of dressing no longer looked beauuful and lost their femimity and grace.
    (iii) Faced with persistent attacks, many women began to wear their traditional clothes to conform to conventions.

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  5. (i) In the 1870s, the National woman Suffrage, Association headed by Mrs Stanton and the American Woman Suffrage Association campaigned for dress reform. (ii) The argument was to simplify dress, shorten skirts and abandon corsets. (iii) On both sides of the Atlantic, there was a movement for rationaRead more

    (i) In the 1870s, the National woman Suffrage, Association headed by Mrs Stanton and the American Woman Suffrage Association campaigned for
    dress reform.
    (ii) The argument was to simplify dress, shorten skirts and abandon corsets.
    (iii) On both sides of the Atlantic, there was a movement for rational dress reform.
    They felt that if clothes were comfortable arid convenient then women could work, earn their living and become independent.

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