The ionic end of soap molecules interacts with water, while the carbon chain interacts with oil. This dual nature of soap molecules allows them to bridge the gap between water and oil, facilitating the formation of micelles and the removal ...

The formation of soap micelles enables the dirt and oil on clothes to be dispersed and washed away in water, effectively cleaning the fabric.

Soap molecules are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids.

Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. They are surfactants, meaning they have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) ends, enabling them to emulsify and remove dirt and oils from surfaces.

Saponification, the reaction between an ester and an alkali like sodium hydroxide, is crucial in the preparation of soap. It converts esters into the sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids, which are the main components of soap.