The mass of an atom primarily comes from its protons and neutrons, which are concentrated in the nucleus.
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Nucleons are the collective term for protons and neutrons, which are found in the nucleus of an atom.
Because atomic number (Z) signifies the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, and this characteristic uniquely identifies each element.
The atomic number of hydrogen is 1, and for carbon, it is 6.
The number of protons an element possesses determines its identity.