Non-biodegradable substances are materials that resist natural decomposition processes, persisting in the environment for extended periods. Examples include plastics, metals, and synthetic chemicals. These substances pose a significant threat to the environment as they contribute to pollution and ecological imbalances. Improper disposal leads to the accumulation of non-biodegradable waste in landfills, causing land degradation and reduced space for essential activities. Wildlife is adversely affected, with animals ingesting or becoming entangled in these materials, resulting in injuries and fatalities. Chemicals from non-biodegradable items can leach into the soil or water, harming ecosystems and potentially impacting human health. The long-term presence of these materials exacerbates environmental damage, affecting biodiversity and degrading overall ecosystem health. Mitigation strategies involve promoting recycling, reducing single-use items, and adopting responsible waste management practices to alleviate the environmental impact of non-biodegradable substances.