How did the expansion of trade lead to the loss of freedoms and livelihoods? of the people in the colonised societies in the late nineteenth century?

In many parts of the world, the expansion of trade and a closer relationship with the world economy led to a loss of freedoms and livelihoods. Colonised societies suffered in many ways as mentioned below:
(i) African continent was divided by the European powers without caring for the local inhabitants.
(ii) Belgium, Germany and the US became colonial powers.
(iii) A fast-spreading disease of cattle plague or rinderpest affected the people’s livelihood and local economy in Africa. It killed 90 per cent of the cattle between Atlantic coast and the Cape.
(iv) Africans rarely worked for a wage but the Europeans imposed heavy taxes in order to compel them to work for wages on plantations and mines. Peasants were displaced from land to work in labour market.
(v) Control over scarce resources of cattle enabled European colonisers to conquer and Subdue Africa.

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