Which of the following Sultans first adopted the title of ‘Hazrat-e-Ala’ and later that of Sultan?
Sher Shah Suri (then known as Sher Khan) first adopted the modest title of ‘Hazrat-e-Ala’ after his victory at the Battle of Chausa in 1539. This title was a strategic assertion of independence. Following his decisive victory over Humayun in the Battle of Bilgram (1540), he adopted the higher imperial title of Sultan and Shah. The correct answer is (A) Sher Shah Suri.
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Sher Shah Suri initially adopted the title ‘Hazrat-e-Ala’ after successfully defeating the Mughal Emperor Humayun at the Battle of Chausa in 1539. This title means ‘Exalted Presence’ and was a conscious, but relatively humble, declaration of independent sovereignty. However, after securing a final, crushing victory over Humayun at the Battle of Bilgram (Kannauj) in 1540, which established the Sur dynasty, he ascended the throne and formally adopted the grander imperial title of Sultan and Shah.