The time rate at which force is exerted, or the duration of the force application, plays a crucial role in changing the momentum of an object. According to the impulse-momentum theorem (Δp = F × Δt), a longer duration (increased Δt) for the application of force results in a smaller force requirement to achieve the same change in momentum. Conversely, a shorter duration requires a greater force. This relationship highlights that distributing force over a more extended period allows for a more gradual change in momentum, reducing the peak force required, and minimizing potential damage or stress on the object.