Heat in the molten state provides the energy needed to overcome the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions in the solid lattice. As a result, the ions become mobile and can freely move, facilitating the conduction of electricity.
What role does heat play in allowing ionic compounds to conduct electricity in the molten state?
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Heat plays a crucial role in allowing ionic compounds to conduct electricity in the molten state by providing the energy needed to overcome the strong electrostatic forces holding ions in the fixed lattice. As the ionic compound is heated, the added thermal energy disrupts the lattice structure, causing the solid to melt into a molten state. In this state, ions gain mobility and can move freely, facilitating electrical conduction. The higher temperature increases the kinetic energy of ions, allowing them to overcome the forces that held them in place, ultimately transforming the insulating solid into a conductive molten state.