At a certain temperature, particles have enough energy to break free from the forces of attraction, causing the liquid to change into a gas.
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When heat energy is supplied to water, particles begin to move faster.
Particles in water at 0°C have more energy compared to particles in ice at the same temperature because the water particles are in the liquid state, while the ice particles are in the solid state.
“Latent” means hidden, referring to the hidden heat energy absorbed or released during a phase change without a change in temperature.
The latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of a solid into a liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting point.