The significant question was what kind of structure the particles of the atom formed.
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Protons were believed to be located in the interior of the atom because electrons could be easily removed from atoms, but protons could not.
Initially, it was understood that atoms were composed of protons and electrons, with their charges balancing each other out.
The mass of an electron is considered negligible compared to other sub-atomic particles such as protons.
The mass of a proton is taken as one unit for standardization purposes.