Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

In a Van de Graaff type generator a spherical metal shell is to be a 15 × 10⁶ V electrode. The dielectric strength of the gas surrounding the electrode is 5 × 10⁷ Vm⁻¹. What is the minimum radius of the spherical shell required? (You will learn from this exercise why one cannot build an electrostatic generator using a very small shell which requires a small charge to acquire a high potential.)

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.35,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

Describe schematically the equipotential surfaces corresponding to (a) a constant electric field in the z-direction, (b) a field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains in a constant (say, z) direction,(c) a single positive charge at the origin, and (d) a uniform grid consisting of long equally spaced parallel charged wires in a plane.

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.34,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

A parallel plate capacitor is to be designed with a voltage rating 1 kV, using a material of dielectric constant 3 and dielectric strength about 10⁷ Vm⁻. (Dielectric strength is the maximum electric field a material can tolerate without breakdown, i.e., without starting to conduct electricity through partial ionisation.) For safety, we should like the field never to exceed, say 10% of the dielectric strength. What minimum area of the plates is required to have a capacitance of 50 pF?

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.33,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

A cylindrical capacitor has two co-axial cylinders of length 15 cm and radii 1.5 cm and 1.4 cm. The outer cylinder is earthed and the inner cylinder is given a charge of 3.5 μC. Determine the capacitance of the system and the potential of the inner cylinder. Neglect end effects (i.e., bending of field lines at the ends).

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.32,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

Answer carefully: (a) Two large conducting spheres carrying charges Q₁ and Q₂ are brought close to each other. Is the magnitude of electrostatic force between them exactly given by Q₁Q₂/(4πε0r)² , where r is the distance between their centres? (b) If Coulomb’s law involved 1/r³ dependence (instead of 1/r² ), would Gauss’s law be still true ? (c) A small test charge is released at rest at a point in an electrostatic field configuration. Will it travel along the field line passing through that point? (d) What is the work done by the field of a nucleus in a complete circular orbit of the electron? What if the orbit is elliptical? (e) We know that electric field is discontinuous across the surface of a charged conductor. Is electric potential also discontinuous there? (f) What meaning would you give to the capacitance of a single conductor? (g) Guess a possible reason why water has a much greater dielectric constant (= 80) than say, mica (= 6).

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.31,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

A spherical capacitor has an inner sphere of radius 12 cm and an outer sphere of radius 13 cm. The outer sphere is earthed and the inner sphere is given a charge of 2.5 μC. The space between the concentric spheres is filled with a liquid of dielectric constant 32. (a) Determine the capacitance of the capacitor. (b) What is the potential of the inner sphere? (c) Compare the capacitance of this capacitor with that of an isolated sphere of radius 12 cm. Explain why the latter is much smaller.

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.30,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric spherical conductors, held in position by suitable insulating supports (Fig. 2.36). Show that the capacitance of a spherical capacitor is given by C=(4πε0 r₁r₂)/(r₁-r₂) where r₁ and r₂ are the radii of outer and inner spheres, respectively.

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.29,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

Show that the force on each plate of a parallel plate capacitor has a magnitude equal to (1⁄2) QE, where Q is the charge on the capacitor, and E is the magnitude of electric field between the plates. Explain the origin of the factor 1⁄2.

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.28, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

A 4 μF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply, and is connected to another uncharged 2 μF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy of the first capacitor is lost in the form of heat and electromagnetic radiation?

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.27, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Asked: February 20, 2021In: Class 12 Physics

The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm² each and are separated by 2.5 mm. The capacitor is charged by connecting it to a 400 V supply. (a) How much electrostatic energy is stored by the capacitor? (b) View this energy as stored in the electrostatic field between the plates, and obtain the energy per unit volume u. Hence arrive at a relation between u and the magnitude of electric field E between the plates.

Class 12 Physics, CBSE and UP Board, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Additional Exercise,Chapter-2 Exercise 2.26,NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics

Ashok0210

Show that the force on each plate of a parallel plate capacitor has a magnitude equal to (1⁄2) QE, where Q is the charge on the capacitor, and E is the magnitude of electric field between the plates. Explain the origin of the factor 1⁄2.

A 4 μF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply, and is connected to another uncharged 2 μF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy of the first capacitor is lost in the form of heat and electromagnetic radiation?

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